Penanda wacana refers to the words and phrases which are used to indicate the relationships between parts of a sentence, phrase or word, such as conjunctions, prepositions, and other types of grammatical markers.
This type of grammar helps to indicate a variety of relationships, from the speaker’s opinion, to the emphasis of a statement, to the time frame that a specific action happened.
Penanda wacana in English can help speakers to more easily explain ideas and events, and make their speech more natural and precise.
For example, when describing something important, the use of conjunctions such as “but” or “despite” can help the speaker to point out the differences between two points of view, or to indicate the importance of the particular statement that they are about to make.
Prepositions such as “before”, “after” or “by” can help to indicate the timeline of certain events, or to specify a physical location.
Knowing how and when to use certain types of penanda wacana is an important aspect of grammar, and can help to make communication more effective.